ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS....

Want a change from the hectic pace of life? Thinking of giving the family a much - needed break? Then head to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the one place where even the government assists the holidaymaker to relax by restricting frenetic sightseeing to a few hours of the day. The beaches, museums, forts and jail are some of the circuits you will do at a leisurely pace once you are here.
The sunset and sunrise are breathtaking every single day! Diving, snorkelling and other water sports will add that extra zing to your holiday.

F A C T F I L E :

Area: 8249 sq km
Population: 356,265 (2001)
Language: Bengali, Hindi, Tamil, Malayalam, Nicobarese
Religion : Hinduism, Christianity, Islam
Capital: Port Blair

History - The story so far :

Andaman’s appearance in history is as ancient as the epic Ramayana and its main characters, Rama, Hanuman, Sita and Ravana. The legendary Monkey God Hanuman is believed to have landed here on the way to Ravana’s kingdom in Sri Lanka, while searching for Lord Rama’s abducted wife, Sita. And that is perhaps the reason for the name “Andaman” which is derived from the Malay word “Handuman” or Hanuman, the Hindu Monkey God.

The Andaman & Nicobar Islands were the abode of the Negritos and the Mongoloids respectively, who lived on the islands for centuries. The islands remained isolated from the mainland till the end of the 17th century when people from the outside world first arrived. Nicobar means “the land of the naked” – possibly a reference to its tribal residents. The islands first appeared in the 2nd century maps prepared by the great Roman geographer, Claudius Ptolemus who also referred to them as the “islands of cannibals”. Xuan Zang, a Chinese monk noted their existence in the seventh century, as did Marco Polo who called it “the land of the head hunters”.

The Marathas annexed the islands in the late 17th century. In the early 18th century, the islands were the naval bases of Maratha admiral Kanhoji Angre, whose fleet frequently attacked and captured British, Dutch and Portuguese merchant ships. The British finally annexed Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the 19th century who used it as the penitentiary for Indian freedom fighters. The exile was known as ‘kalapani’ (or exile) by the ‘offenders’ sent to the ill-reputed 'Cellular Jail', where many of the freedom fighters were executed.

It was the Japanese who occupied the islands during the World War II. Whereas some of the local tribes took up guerrilla activities against the Japanese, others welcomed them as liberators from the British colonialism. After India gained independence in 1947, the islands were incorporated into the Indian Union and administered as a Union Territory by the Central Government.

Governance :

Once the islands were incorporated into the Indian Union of states, new rules and legislation were enacted and a Chief Commissioner directly nominated by the President of India was appointed to oversee the administration. On November 12, 1982, the post of Chief Commissioner was elevated to the rank of Lt. Governor. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are still centrally administered and send one elected representative to the Lok Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament.

Economy :

The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands has a vast forest resource base with 7,171 sq km of the total area of island covered by forests. A large variety of timber is found in the Andaman group of islands. 40% of the forest is divided as Primitive Tribal Reserve open only to Indians with permits. The rest is a Protected Area for the cultivation of timber for export of matchwood, hardwood and plywoods. Paddy is the main food crop and is mostly cultivated in the Andaman group of islands, whereas coconut and areca nut are the main cash crops of the Nicobar group of islands. Different kinds of fruits such as mango, sapota, orange, banana, papaya, pineapple and some root crops are also grown on the islands.

The islands have reported the occurrence of diatomaceous earth, gold, limestone, nickel, selenite and sulphur. The Indian Oil And Natural Gas Commission is exploring for oil and gas there. The islands have a number of small scale, village and handicrafts units. The number of export-oriented units is also increasing in the agro-processing sectors. The Andaman and Nicobar Integrated Development Corporation has made its presence felt in civil supplies, tourism, fisheries, industries, and industrial financing activities.

Habitat :

Located in the Bay of Bengal in the east coast of India, the Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a mélange of over 350 islands, a majority of which are uninhabited. Formed by a submarine mountain range, which separates the Bay of Bengal from the Andaman Sea, the islands stretch between the latitudes 6° to 14° North and longitudes 92° to 94° East. The islands attain maximum altitude at Saddle Peak (730 m) on Andaman Island formed mainly of limestone, sandstone and clay. The two important groups of islets are Ritchie's Archipelago and Labyrinth Islands. The Nicobar Islands are located to the south of Andaman, 121 km from Little Andaman Island

The islands have brilliant tropical flora. They are endowed with evergreen thick forests and tropical trees with mangrove swamps right up to the water’s edge. Some parts of the islands are hilly. The seashore has beaches of white sand, offshore coral reefs and unpolluted sparkling clear waters that are excellent for snorkelling. The canopied rainforests harbour a rich variety of flora, about 3000 species of plants and a wide variety of tropical fruit. The island's wealth of fauna is as diverse as it can get, housing rare species of dugong, grey teal, estuarine crocodiles and marine turtles. The Andaman's are also a bird watcher's paradise with 242 species recorded.

However, the Andaman’s now epitomize the tension between tourism potential and environmental degradation. Massive increase in population and plantation forests and a thorough destruction of native forests has changed the landscape. Commercial shipping vessels have damaged the coral reefs therebyfurther destabilizing the already fragile eco system. Taking a cue from nearby Maldives, the Indian Government is also trying to develop some islands exclusively for tourism.

Climate :

The islands have a tropical climate with only minor fluctuations in temperature (23-30°C) and 80% humidity all around the year. There is medium to heavy rain during the monsoons twice a year from the month from May to mid September and November to mid December. Average annual rainfall is about 3000mm at Port Blair.

People & Society :

There are two distinct inhabitants of the islands - The 'Indians' and the 'Natives'. The former are people from the Indian mainland especially from Punjab, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu as well as immigrants from Myanmar and Sri Lanka.

The native or the Aborigine tribes are the main reason why the islands have an aura of wild abandonment about them. The indigenous tribes are distinguished as two groups: the Onge, Sentinelese, Jarawa and Andamanese of Negroid descent living on the Andaman Islands and the Shompen and Nicobarese of Mongoloid descent living in the Nicobar Islands. Most of these tribes are on the verge of extinction because of the combined impact of destruction of the forest habitats and the imposition of an alien and insensitive culture that brought along with it various diseases and vices such as alcohol and tobacco.

The two Negrito communities, the Jarawa and the Sentinelese have avoided contact with the outside world and often resorted to violence to do so. Perhaps they realise that their only way of survival is to avoid contact with the outside world. This however appears to be changing in the case of the Jarawa. Whereas the number of Great Andamanese declined because of the various epidemics, the Onge are suffering on account of the destruction of their forests and the imposition of a way of life that is alien and insensitive to them. The Nicobarese are fortunate to have found it easier to assimilate into the contemporary Indian society.

Religion-

It is on these islands that all religions come together. Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and Christians, forget their differences and live in perfect harmony. In fact, they are referred to as a Mini India.

Language -

English and Hindi are widely spoken, as are Bengali and Malayalam. The ethnic language spoken in Andaman bears no resemblance to any other language spoken in India.

Food-

No particular cuisine has developed in Andaman and Nicobar Islands because the tribes were hunters who lived on what the forest produced. However, several settlers from all parts of India inhabit the island adding their own particular flavours and foods. The people are essentially rice eaters. The soil is not suitable for the growth of many fruits and vegetables that have to be shipped in from Chennai. Seafood is available in plenty and many restaurants serve fresh seafood.

Culture and Crafts-

The primitive tribes of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands were the Shompens, Onge, Great Andamanese, Jarawa, Sentinelese and others. Most of these small tribes came into contact with modern civilization and slowly lost most of their cultural identity. The Jarawa and Sentinelese became insular and even resorted to violent means to protect their cultural identity. The Jarawa have slowly given in but the Sentinelese culture based on tribe, family and clan still remains intact. On the other hand, the Nicobarese were larger in numbers and gradually integrated modern civilization into their socio-cultural structure. Their cultural fabric is woven around clan, religion and economy. They are best known for their love for music and dance.

The main crafts of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands include shell and exotic woods crafted for the tourists, palm mats, and beautiful natural shells. Due to the fear of over exploitation of the Islands' natural resources, trade of some products is now banned like mother-of-pearl jewellery, paduk, which is now banned.

Education-

Literacy figures are at 73% (78.99% men and 65.46% women).

Sightseeing :

Before a sightseeing trip in the Andaman Islands, find out the visiting times of the various attractions. Options available span islands, beaches, parks, jails, museums and even the odd sawmill, all within a radius of about 20km of Port Blair.

The MG Marine National Park at Wandoor, a short drive (29km) from Port Blair is famous for its beautiful beaches, fascinating coral reefs and multihued fish and marine life. The Gandhi Park is a child’s delight complete with an amusement park, deer park, water sports facilities and a restaurant.

The Marina Park is similar but built right on the seashore. Viper Island, where the gallows still stand is guaranteed to give you the spooks! Yes, people were actually strung there!

Gandhi Park is a good base for a visit to the islands of Jolly Buoy and Redskin for exciting water sports like scuba diving and snorkeling. For the less adventurous who don’t want to get wet, glass-bottomed boats provide the perfect means to see the coral reefs with its teeming, colourful marine life.

The Sound and Light Show at the Cellular Jail is worth catching. It effectively evokes memories of the tragic end of the exiled political prisoners banished here during India’s struggle for independence.

If museums inspire your muse, there are plenty to indulge you - ethnological displays at Anthropological Museum, exhibitions of marine life at Samudrika and decorative woodcraft at Forest Museum. Of course, the best part of your visit will be the many islands with their gorgeous beaches.Neil Island, Havelock Island, North Passage Island, Cinque Island, Long Island, Baratang Island, Rangat, Mayabunder, Diglipur, Little Andaman Island and Chiriya Tapoo are all accessible by regular boat services from Port Blair.

You have the option of driving to Baratang (not accessible by boat), Ranghat, Mayabunder and Diglipur. A tiny and picturesque beach, Corbyn's Cove is a short 20-minute drive from Port Blair. It can also be a long but an easy and beautiful cliff top walk from Port Blair. It is great for swimming, sunbathing and water sports. The tourist complex also has facilities for scuba diving among other sports.

Other places of interest include a guided tour around the Chatham Sawmill, located 5 km northwest of Aberdeen Bazaar, the largest wood processor in the world. The Middle Islands, North Andaman, Little Andaman and Nicobar Islands are out of bounds for the tourist unless you have secured a special permit.

Around & About :

How do I get there?

By Air:

Travellers flying into the Andaman & Nicobar Islands have to first arrive at Port Blair before taking a boat/ferry to any of the other islands. Five weekly flights between Calcutta and Port Blair and four flights from Chennai and Vishakhapatnam connect the islands to the Indian mainland. Indian Airline has flights from Calcutta and Chennai on rotational basis. Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays are Calcutta- Port Blair days when flights from Calcutta go to Chennai via Port Blair. On Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday flights originate from Chennai and go to Calcutta via Port Blair. For some strange reason, the airport at Port Blair is known as School Line airport. Taxis and auto rickshaws are available for the journey into the main city.

By Water :

Visitors can sail to the islands on ships from Calcutta, Chennai and Vishakhapatnam. Hado Jetty in Port Blair is the disembarkation point. The voyage takes about 3 days and is a huge sell-out, so be sure to plan this in advance! Vishakhapatnam is erratically connected but Calcutta and Chennai have ships leaving three/four times a month.

Getting Around:

The Directorate of Shipping Services operates regular inter-island shore and harbour ferry services to cater to the needs of inter-island commuters. There are local buses, bicycles, motorcycles, auto rickshaws, and taxis available for local transport on the islands. One has to be wary of the taxi drivers who don’t use the meter for calculating fares. But it is best to hire your own vehicle, to explore these islands in your way, your pace. Cars, mopeds, motorbikes, bicycles and even private boats are available for hire.

Tourist Offices :

Director (Tourism),Andaman & Nicobar AdministrationPort Blair - 741101Tel: (03192) 30933, 20747Fax: (03192) 30933
Resident Commissioner, Andaman & Nicobar Admn., Andaman & Nicobar Bhavan, Plot No. 12, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi - 110021 Tel : (011) 6882116, 6871443 Fax : (011) 3782642

When to Go:

The best time of the year to visit the Andaman & Nicobar Islands is between October and May. It is also the time for the annual tourism festival. The waters are clear and relatively placid after the monsoons making them perfect for snorkelers and swimmers.

Where do I Stay?

Port Blair is the central place to stay in and foray forth to the other islands from. Port Blair has ample accommodation for travellers, whatever their budget. Apart from luxury hotels, most places don’t levy additional taxes on their tariffs. Check out time is usually 7am. Many hotels offer discounts in the low season (April - September).

What to bringPlenty of mosquito repellent, a first aid kit with basic medication, light summer clothes, beachwear and sunscreen lotion is what you need all the year round. If you’re planning to camp out, stove and kerosene oil are essential – you can buy them easily in Port Blair. Snorkeling gear is available on the island, albeit at high prices.

Things to Do:

Dining & Entertainment
Shopping
Activities
Special Events

Dining & Entertainment:

Prawns and lobsters rule! Good seafood is available everywhere and at very reasonable rates. Since ingredients have to be imported from the mainland, food and drinks are fairly expensive. Apart from the restaurants attached to hotels, there are many others at beaches and convenient spots. Away from Port Blair, the options are fewer.

Shopping:

Local curio shops and emporiums are stocked handicrafts that make wonderful souvenirs. There are intriguing coconut shell lamp shades, ashtrays, Nicobari mats, apart from wood crafted items like chairs, tables, bowls, trays and walking sticks in wood and shell.

Activities:

A sea holiday offers you the chance to snorkel, scuba dive and swim in complete isolation on sandy white beaches.
You can go trekking on the nature trail from Mt. Harriet to Madhuban and enjoy the rare forest life watching wonderful flora and fauna. Island camping at Havelock is a good outdoor experience. Tents are available on hire at moderate rates from October to May during fair weather.
The Andaman Islands is the ideal destination for scuba addicts! If you aren’t, it is difficult to find a cheaper and more beautiful location to learn this art. The best dive sites for a day trip is in the vicinity of Cinque Island though the Government tax of Rs1000 for dives makes it a bit heavy on the avaerage pocket.
One can enjoy the underwater marine life and view beautiful corals by snorkeling near the Andaman Water Sports Complex, Corbyn's Cove, M.G. Marine National Park, Havelock, Neil, Rangat and other places. It is best to bring along your own mask and snorkel. Hiring equipment requires a deposit of anything up to Rs 5000. Most snorkeling places close in early May due to the monsoons.
The Government has invested in tourism by building the Andaman Water Sports Complex. This complex has all possible aqua sports facilities. Paddle boats, glass-bottom boats, aqua glide, kayaks, water scooters are available. The adventurous have plenty of options such as water skiing, wind surfing, speedboats, sailboats and para-sailboats.

Special Events:

The Island Tourism Festival is celebrated every year for 15 days between December and February in Port Blair. The exhibition highlights the development of tourism and the other aspects of these islands. Cultural groups and the artistes of the national and international fame from the mainland are invited to perform during the festival. Water sports competitions and the Nicobari "Hodi" race are organised. The festival projects the image of the islands as an eco-friendly tourist destination. One of the major attractions at this festival is the Andaman Dog Show.

Travel Documents :

All visitors to India are required to carry a passport valid at least for the next 6 months and a visa. Visa exemptions include:
1) Bhutanese and Nepalese visitors who are staying for less than 3 months,
2) Nationals from the Maldives, if they are staying for a maximum of 90 days (this includes any periods they may have spent in India up to 6 months prior to the visit in question),
3) Transit passengers who have a follow-on ticket within 72 hours of arrival as long as they are not going to leave the airport.

Special restrictions apply to Pakistani and Afghan nationals.

Securing a Restricted Area Permit (RAP) is necessary for Andaman and Nicobar Islands. All Foreign Nationals need a RAP to visit Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Permits can be obtained from Indian Missions Overseas; Immigration Offices at Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and Delhi; and Immigration Authorities at airports in Port Blair, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and Delhi. The permit is usually valid for 30 days and certain tourist attractions only. If you are travelling by air you need to have a confirmed return ticket, otherwise your stay is a reduced to 10-15 days. If you are traveling by ship, it’s a good idea to report to the Deputy Superintendent of Police at Port Blair on arrival.

Indian Nationals do not require RAP to visit the Andaman Islands but do need to attain one for Nicobar. A permit for Nicobar is granted only to Indians travelling for purposes of research, government business or trade. The Immigration Officer/ Deputy Commissioner at Port Blair can issue you this permit.

Money & Business :

Currency & Costs-

The Indian rupee is available in denominations of Re1, Rs 2, Rs 5, Rs 10, Rs 20, Rs 50, Rs 100 and Rs 500. One rupee is split into a hundred paise, available in denominations of 10p, 25p and 50p. There are coins for Re1, Rs 2 and Rs 5.
Accommodation and dining in the islands suit all budgets. Transportation, especially renting cars or other vehicles, can be expensive. The deposit you will have to make will be hefty. Renting water sports gear is also expensive.

Banks & Money Changers-

In the islands, your banking options will be far less than in the rest of urban India. You’re likely to find only branches of government banks that do not offer facilities such as ATM and are unlikely to change currency other than dollars and pound sterling. Also the paperwork might run into reams if the bank is yet to be computerised. Banking hours usually are 10 AM to 2 PM Monday to Friday and 10 AM to 12-noon on Saturdays. Bank holidays vary from region to region. Major festivals are holidays though it is unlikely that a bank will be closed for longer than 2 days in a row.
Changing money in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands can be a tedious process so change substantial amounts at a time. Only a few banks will accept travellers’ cheques or currency other than dollars or pound sterling and if you find one that services your needs take advantage of it. Changing money is limited to the largest public sector bank and some luxury hotels in the Andamans. Save up all exchange receipts (encashment certificates); these are required for visa extensions and other formalities, and when you want to convert rupees at the end of your trip. Don’t bank on your credit card, as it may not be accepted in most establishments.

Business Guide-

With increasing liberalisation at both the economic level and at the societal level, business protocol has begun to adhere to western standards. Keep appointments, be punctual (though that’s a value that Indians are only now picking up), and shake hands if one is offered or greet with hands folded in ‘namaste’. You’ll most likely be asked questions about family and home not because anybody wants to pry but because many Indians believe that curiosity conveys concern.
Dress formally for business meetings in formal cotton shirts with a tie and trousers if the weather is warm. Otherwise a lightweight summer business suit is appropriate.

Agra....

LAND OF WONDERS: AGRA

INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM IN AGRA, INDIA :

Wish to realize a dream vacation? Welcome to the amazing tourism city of the TajMahal - Agra, India. The seat of the great Mughal rulers for ages Agra, India offers its treasure trove for all the tourists from India and abroad. Even though Agra, India is synonymous with the Taj, the city stands in testimony to the great amount of architectural activity of the Mughals. TajMahal is the epitome of love, poem in white marble, one of the Seven Wonders of the World besides being the pride of India. In fact all the monuments of Agra, India have contributed to Agra Tourism. Terrific Agra Packages from us will ensure you plan your Agra Travel soon. Delhi to Agra to Jaipur make the famous Golden Triangle tour of India.

AGRA FACT FILE :

Language: Hindi and Urdu
Best time to visit: Winter
STD Code: 0562

HISTORY OF AGRA:

History of Agra is amply evident from the numerous historical monuments in and around the city. Though the history of Agra city is linked with the Mughal dynasty, numerous other rulers also contributed to the rich history of Agra. Agra was founded by Sikandar Lodhi (Lodhi dynasty; Delhi Sultanate) in the 16th century. Babur (founder of the Mughal dynasty) also stayed for sometime in Agra and introduced the concept of square Persian-styled gardens here. Emperor Akbar built the Agra fort; Jahangir beautified it with palaces and gardens. Shahjahan marked the zenith of Mughal architecture, when he built the Taj. The post-Mughal era's history of Agra saw the rule of the Jats, Marathas and finally the British taking over the city.

FIVE MUST SEE TOURISM PLACES IN AGRA. INDIA:

Taj Mahal: Tourism Spot in Agra :

The most famous of the monuments of Agra, India is the TajMahal. TajMahal is a symbol of the devotion and dedication of love. TajMahal of Agra is a monument built by emperor Shah Jahan In the memory of her wife Mumtaz Mahal. TajMahal expresses the magnificence of Mughal architecture. The Taj has done wonders to Agra Tourism. Taj is a must in each one of the Agra packages offered by us. Agra to Jaipur is an interesting package option.

Agra Fort: Tourism Spot in Agra:

Besides the TajMahal amongst the other famous monuments of Agra, India is the Agra Fort. Agra fort was built by Emperor Akbar. He was undoubtedly the Greatest Mughal emperor of India. The construction of Agra fort commenced in the 1565 and completed in 1571. Built with red sandstone Agra Fort is a mixture of the Islamic and Hindu styles of architecture. Agra Tourism would be incomplete without this monument. Most of the Agra packages offered by us take you to the Agra Fort. Agra to Jaipur is the usual choice in pacakges.

Itmad-ud-Daulah's Tomb:

Tourism Spot in AgraIt is a tomb built with white marble in the typical Islamic style architecture. It was built by the Mughal Empress Noor Jahan in the memory of her father Itmad-ud-Daulah. It happens to be one of the must visit monuments of Agra. This monument of Agra is usually included in all the Agra packages. Travel from Agra to Jaipur is usually taken up by many tourists.

Akbar's Tomb: Tourism Spot in Agra:

The tomb of the great Mughal emperor Akbar is worth visiting. Akbar's tomb is a mixture of many architectural styles and completely different from earlier Mughal Buildings. Visit to this monuments of Agra is esential to make your Agra tour complete. Visit to this monument is generally a part of the Agra packages

Fatehpur Sikri: Tourism Spot near Agra:

Famously known as the city of Ghosts, it was built by the Great Mughal Emperor. Fatehpur Sikri is a place worth visiting to discover how once the city could have been which has now turned into ruins. many a Agra packages include a trip to Fatehpur Sikri also.

FIVE BEST HOTELS IN AGRA, INDIA :

Amarvilas :Amarvilas is a hotel where you can see the glimpses of the Mughal lifestyle. You can enjoy the view of TajMahal even while lying on your bed. Amarvilas also provides the excellent conference facilities. Agra Tourism has been promoted immensely by this luxurious hotel.

Jaypee Palace Hotel :Jaypee Palace hotel is an excellent combination of ancient Mughal architecture and the modern amenities. Jaypee Palace is a place where you will get everything best you can expect for your comfort.

Hotel Mughal Sheraton :Hotel Mughal Sheraton is a perfect place to stay for the lovers of luxury & comfort. Hotel Mughal Sheraton is a recipient of prestigious 'Aga Khan' award for its architecture. The hotel also provides excellent conference and recreation facilities. Tennis, Golf and many other outdoor games are available.

Hotel Taj View :As the name suggests you can get the panoramic view of Taj from hotel windows. Hotel Taj View provides the excellent dining facilities and holds the only 24 hrs multi-cuisine restaurant.

Hotel Clarks Shiraz :Hotel Clarks Shiraz is a deluxe hotel equipped with all modern amenities along with the conference facilities and dining.

FIVE BEST BUDGET HOTELS IN AGRA, INDIA :

Hotel Mansingh Palace :Hotel Mansingh Palace provides the services wrapped in luxury. Hotel Mansingh Palace is a budget hotel equipped with excellent facilities including three multi-cuisine restaurants, Fitness Center and swimming pool.

Hotel Amar : A budget hotel, that provides the excellent accommodation and other amenities to make your stay in Agra comfortable. Along with good restaurant it also houses a bar.

Deedar-e-Taj :Deedar-e- Taj provides the state of the art interiors and the excellent dining facilities in a revolving restaurant. It also provides the bar and coffee shop.

Hotel Kant :Want to have a home away from home, hotel Kant is waiting for you. Hotel Kant is a place to enjoy the luxury at affordable rates; Along with good dining facilities including Chinese, Indian and continental food. At the back of the hotel are splashing grrenlawn and enjoy the evening with a cup of coffee/tea.

Hotel Amar Yatri Niwas :Hotel Amar Yatri Niwas is a govt. approved hotel where accommodation is available at low cost. The biggest advantage of Hotel Amar Yatri Niwas is that it lies in the close vicinity of the wonder Of the World- TajMahal.

FIVE BEST WEEKEND GATEWAYS FROM AGRA, INDIA:

Agra to Jaipur is an interesting journey. Agra to Jaipur makes an angle of the Golden triangle tour of India.

Mathura: Weekend Getaway from Agra :The birthplace of Lord Krishna (an important Hindu deity) is a perfect place to visit; if you are a religious minded person and want to know more about Hindu religion. Mathura is a land of temples and saints. It is merely at a distance of 45 km from Agra.

Vrindavan: Weekend Getaway from Agra :Vrindavan is another place related to Lord Krishna, it is a place filled with temples. According to Hindu ythology Vrindavan is a place where Lord Krishna had spent most of his childhood days.

Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary: Weekend Getaway from Agra :Bharatpur plays a host to thousand of bird species around the globe. Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary is an excellent place to enjoy the company of chirping birds migrated here from all over the globe.

Gokul: Weekend Getaway from Agra :It is a place near Mathura suitable for a weekend getaway from Agra. There are many places with some legends related about the childhood of Lord Krishna.

Dayal Bagh: Weekend Getaway from Agra : A place related to Radha Swami faith, it houses the samadhi of the founder of the faith 'Swamiji Maharaj'. Tourism-of-India.com provides complete information about Agra tourism. Tourism-of-India.com offers various tour packages to make your visit comfortable. You can pick the one that suits you most.

Rajasthan

RAJASTHAN....

FACTS & FIGURES ON RAJASTHAN :

Area : 342,239 Sq Km
Religion : Hinduism, Jainism
Capital : Jaipur
Languages : Rajasthani, Hindi
Best Time to Visit : October to March

INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM IN RAJASTHAN :

The art of Rajasthan has attracted numerous visitors. Rajasthan- the Land of Kings, is a majestic tapestry of camels plodding over soft sand dunes of the Thar Desert. It is a kaleidoscope of brightly turbaned men with proud moustaches and women with twinkling anklets in colorful swirling ghagras. The landscape is dotted with island palaces shimmering on idyllic blue lakes; temples and fortresses situated on hilltops of the rugged and rocky Aravalli; exquisite palaces built during the reign of some of its many erstwhile Rajput dynasties; and well laid out gardens with pavilions and kiosks, all of which add to the splendor and whimsical charm of this majestic land. But, it is the art of Rajasthan that makes it such a popular tourist destination of India.

LOCATION OF RAJASTHAN :

Located in northwest India, Rajasthan borders Punjab in the north, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh in the northeast, Madhya Pradesh in the east and Gujarat in the south. On the western side it shares a long stretch of border with the neighboring country Pakistan. Situated on the Thar Desert, Rajasthan protects the western border of the country standing as the sentinel who never tires. The art of Rajasthan ensures that people visit the desert.

Rajasthan is diagonally divided into the hilly and rugged southeastern region and the barren Thar Desert, which extends across the border into Pakistan. Within these divisions however, it is a storehouse of varied physical feature or topographical diversity. The arid Thar also boasts of Mount Abu the only hill station in the state famous for its flora and fauna. While the Aravali hills provide the much-needed relief to this arid land, the wide spread sand dunes of the desert and arid region make it one of the toughest terrains in the world. Jodhpur (the second biggest city of the state) is the edge of the dry and shifting desert land from where on the not so arid but cultivable land starts. It is a store house of the art of Rajasthan. Moreover, the rocky range of Amber, hilly range of Mewar, river basin of Bharatpur and fertile Aravali range gives the topography of the state a unique look.

BEST TIME TO VISIT TOURISM DESTINATION OF RAJASTHAN :

Rajasthan is one of the driest regions in India. Except in the hills of the Aravali range, temperature in most other parts of the state reaches the 40°C mark during the summer months. Winters are mild in Rajasthan with the temperatures ranging between 22°C and 8°C. The climate of Rajasthan is characterized by dry and hot winds. The rainfall, which is characteristically scanty, comes during the month of July and September. However rainfall is comparatively high in the hilly Aravalli range. The southwest region of the state, being on the tropical region is considerably humid. Thus, you may plan your travel trip to enjoy the art of Rajasthan accordingly.

HISTORY OF TOURISM DESTINATION OF RAJASTHAN :

The past flavor lingers on. However, Rajasthan is much more than the imagination of few rulers. It is an identity created by people, who enjoy life and have ample proof to show for it.

The earliest inhabitants of Rajasthan belonged to the Great Harappan Civilization. This area saw the arrival of the horse riding Aryans from central Asia in about 2000 BC. The Mauryan dynasty-one of the first dynasties to rule over large parts of India controlled this area in about 400 AD. With the passing of time however this arid region became the scene of the ravaging onslaught brought about by the Huns and the Scythians. The settling of the Scythians in Rajasthan set the stage for the rise of the Rajputs who were the offspring's of the Indo-Scythians. With the passing of time this new race proliferated into a number of new clans. Rajasthan thus became the homeland of these groups of warrior clans, collectively called Rajputs, who dominated this region for over a thousand years. They carved out small kingdoms in this region during the 9th and 10th century AD that were often at war with each other. Due to this lack of unity, the Rajputs were unable to present a combined front against a common aggressor. This weakness ensured that every foreign aggressor in India created enough trouble for the Rajput rulers of Rajasthan. All this resulted in them being defeated or subjugated by the Mughals, who reduced them to the status of a vassal.

Nevertheless the bravery and, sense of pride and honor amongst Rajputs is unparallel in the history of India. Chivalry was the hallmark of the Rajputs. They fought with courage and determination. Death to defeat was the theme of Rajput warring ideology. They would face the enemy with all the might even if defeat were imminent; in which case jauhar was performed. In this grim ritual women and children would commit suicide by immersing themselves in a huge funeral pyre. It was for these qualities that some of the Rajputs rulers and chieftains adorned the court of most of the Mughal rulers especially Akbar. There warring skills were used to the fullest by Akbar who very effectively used the services of these brave fighters for the protection of his vast kingdom by inducting into his standing army. He also entered into matrimonial alliances with prominent Rajput families most important being the one with princess Jodha Bai, daughter of the Maharaja of Amber.

With the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Rajputs were gradually able to recover their lost territories and status. These turn of events were however short-lived, as very soon the British set foot on the Indian mainland marking the beginning of one of the most eventful phase of Indian history. The British Raj, as it was popularly called, was characterized by many anew trends and practices. One of these was their policy of signing articles of alliances with most of the princely states in India that ensured their independent existence subject to certain political and economic restrictions. This marked the decline of the once mighty and powerful Rajput dynasties of this region.

After independence Rajasthan became an integral part of the Union of India under the new constitution.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS OF TOURISM DESTINATION OF RAJASTHAN :

Rajasthan has all the usual Hindu and Muslim festivals, some celebrated with special local fervor as well as a number of festivals of its own. The exact dates, determined by the lunar calendar have specific religious significance.

Major festivals in the state are Camel Festival at Bikaner in January, Nagaur Fair in January - February; Desert Festival of Jaisalmer in February; Elephant Festival Jaipur; Gangaur Festival celebrated all over the state in March - April; Mewar Festival in Udaipur; Urs in Ajmer Sharif; Teej in the months of August; Marwar Festival at Jodhpur in October; and Camel and Cattle Fair of Pushkar in November

TOURISM SPOTS IN RAJASTHAN :

Rajasthan is a classic blend of beauty and historicity. Indeed, the State has so much going for it that it's difficult to decide where to start. The very images that it conjures up are steeped in romance and beauty. A line of supercilious camels silhouetted against a magnificent desert sunset. A blur of swirling color as a Rajasthani belle dances to hypnotic music. The handsome, hawk-like face of a Rajput man, fiercely mustachioed, regally turbaned, reflecting an arrogance and power that can be traced several centuries back. It is the unyielding facade of a splendid fort or the delicate kiosks and balconies embellishing a palace wall. The bold, colorful sweep of a phat painting, depicting sword-bearing chieftains going off to battle, rainbow-hued dupattas, ghagras and cholis, twinkling with the light of a hundred tiny glinting mirrors. All of which add to attractions of this wonderland we call-Rajasthan.

Rajasthan's almost 80% of the places are regarded as the places of tourist interest. The old city of Jaipur, capital to the state of Rajasthan, painted pink that gives a magical glow to the city, is one of the must visit places of the state. The 250-year-old city of Jaipur, also known popularly as the Pink City is a startling blend of forts and palaces, teeming markets and all the bustle and modernity befitting the capital of India's second largest State. The Hawa Mahal, the exquisite City Palace and the incredible observatory of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II Central Museum, Nagar Garh Fort, Jaigarh Fort, Amber, Albert Museum, Birla Mandir Planetarium, Sisodia Rani Park, Lakshmi Narain Temple, Kanak Vrindavan, The Rajmahal Palace, Rambagh Palace (now a Luxury hotel) and the Jantar Mantar are some of the sites that say about their contemporary time.

In the bleak desert that is Rajasthan, there is also a green oasis-Mount Abu, a cool hill station, a holy mountain retreat, the Aravali range; the verdant forests alive with a variety of flora and fauna; the stunning Dilwara Jain temples; the Nakki lake at 1,200 m above sea level; the city of Ajmer; the Dargah or tomb of the popular 13th-century; a number of monuments belonging to the Mughal era; the well-fed camels and citadels; the exotic camel safaris; the worship of thousands of holy rats at Mata Kali temple are some of the most interesting aspects of the state in general. The golden city of Jaisalmer, which lies courageously as the western sentinel of India, is a place worth visiting. Major points of attraction are Jaisalmer Fort, Manakchowk, Jain Temple, and different havelis.

Even further off the beaten track is the relatively unexplored Hadoti area of Rajasthan, comprising Kota, Bundi, Baran and Jhalawar. The princely State of Jhalawar, or the land of the Jhalas, was created in 1838, and unlike much of Rajasthan, has a rocky, but green and water laden landscape.

HOW TO REACH TOURISM DESTINATIONS IN RAJASTHAN :

BY AIR - Rajasthan is well connected by air with almost all the major cities of India. A number of airlines both, government as well as private have regular flights connecting the state with rest of the country. The five airports of the state are, Sanganer, Jaipur, Jaisalmer, Udaipur and Kota. BY RAIL - Rajasthan is well connected by a good network of rail. It connects the state with almost all the places of interest in the country. But comparing to the railway option, the roadways are more preferable, as well as, recommended as the railway tracks are mostly meter gauge and hence time consuming.

BY ROAD - The best way to visit Rajasthan is by road. A good number of Government and private buses ply to the state connecting it with its nearby places of interest. Moreover, taxis and other vehicles are also available on hire from many places to the state.

HOTELS OF RAJASTHAN :

Hotels of Rajasthan recreate erstwhile imperial lifestyles of Maharajas and Rajputs. Travel to any part in Rajasthan, Jaipur, Udaipur, Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Jodhpur or Shekhawati, there are several hotels that cater to the requirements of tourists and commercial travelers.

The fun and excitement of stay at heritage hotels of Rajasthan is a feeling beyond description. Imagine staying in a room with walls displaying intricate frescoes and windows screened with delicate marble lattices.

Apart from heritage hotels there are a large number of hotels in Rajasthan that are run by large and popular hotel chains such as the Taj or Oberoi. Besides these there are several government approved guesthouses and budget hotels that cater to the travel requirements of backpackers and economy travelers.

Goa.....

Gorgeous GOA....

FACTS & FIGURES ON GOA: Best Tourist Place for India

Area: 3700 sq. km
Language: English, Hindi, Marathi, Konkani
Best time to visit: October to May

INTRODUCTION TO GOA: Best Tourist Place for India

Goa is definitely the best tourist place for India. "The pearl of the east," Goa is known for its Gothic churches, crumbling forts, palm-fringed beaches, coconut groves, ferry rides, bubbly folk music… the list is endless! With its 131-km-long coastline, Goa is an important locale in every tourist's itinerary. Sun, sand and sea being the major attractions, Goa trip is a perfect heaven for the ones who need and want relaxation. Goa Beach Resorts always add to the fun. Christian Pilgrimage tours to Goa are extremely popular. Besides pilgrimages Goa is famous for honeymoons also. Goa, honeymoon packages are extremely popular with Indians. Goa, honeymoon packages cater to the needs of the tourists with varying budgets. The all-inclusive Goa, honeymoon packages tour too make interesting options.

LOCATION OF GOA: Best Tourist Place for India

The location of Goa makes it easily accessible. Travelling to Goa, the best tourist place for India is comfortable. Situated on the western coastline of India, the Union Territory of Goa is sandwiched between the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka. The capital Panaji is at a distance of 592 km from Bangalore and 593 km from Mumbai. The waters of the Arabian Sea wash the coastline of Goa. It is split into two districts-North Goa (STD Code: 0832) and South Goa (STD Code: 0834). North Goa includes the capital city of Panjim, the former capital of Old Goa, Fort Aguada and Candolim, Chapora, Vagator, and the beaches Calangute, Anjuna, and Baga. South Goa includes Vasco da Gama Bogmalo, Margao, Colva and Benolem. Being near to the sea, Goa enjoys a maritime climate, with April and May being very hot. The Goa Beach Resorts sitauted on the beach sides are the best way to enjoy Goa. Christian Pilgrimage tours to Goa are usually taken up around the Christmas and New Year.

HISTORY OF GOA: Best Tourist Place for India

Goa has been a key destination for Christian Pilgrimage tours in India. Goa was a part of the Mauryan Empire, around 3rd century BC. The Satvahanas of Kolhapur, and later the Chalukyas of Badami, took over the governance. Other dynasties followed, including a short-lived Muslim invasion, until the Vijaynagar Empire established itself for almost a century. This era, too, ended with the arrival of the Sultans of Gulbarga, from whom the rule passed on to the Adil Shah of Bijapur. Soon, the Dutch, English, French and Portuguese, all began struggling for its possession. Ultimately, in 1510, the Portuguese conquered Goa, with Alfonso de Albuquerque leading the invasion. Having ruled for around four centuries, in 1961, fourteen years after the country's independence, the Portuguese had to leave Goa. TOURISTS

ATTRACTIONS IN GOA: Best Tourist Place for India

Goa, the best tourist place for India offers several tourist attractions. Beaches and churches are the key tourist attractions in Goa. Christian Pilgrimage tours and Goan Carnival attract numerous visitors. In the local dialect, Goa is often referred to as "Goa Dourada," (meaning "Golden Goa") because of its beaches, forts, churches, waterfalls, seminaries, and caves. Today, Goa Beach Resorts are attractions in themselves. "The queen of Indian beaches," Calangute is a stretch of 7 km. Baga beach is a handy commuting point to Anjuna. At a distance of 7 km from Panaji is the beach of Dona Paula, which is a good site for relaxation and sunbathing. At a distance of 6 km away from Margao is another beach, Colva, which offers good accommodation. Calangute, Baga, Candolim, Colva are dominated by package tourism. Anjuna, the traditional rave center is popular with the bag packers. Benaulim falls between hype and hip, and is filled with beach shacks and low-key Goa beach resorts. Arambol in the north and Palolem in the south are idyllic by nature. Other famous beaches include Miramar and Agonda. Goa Beach Resorts along these beaches in Goa are excellent accommodation options. The Dudhsagar waterfall and Arvalem waterfall attract many tourists every year. The rock-cut caves of Khandepar and Arvalem are also worth mentioning. The Pilar monastery, Saligao seminary, and Rachol seminary attract the religious minded travelers. While nature has been so generous to Goa, man too has contributed a lot to Goa's beauty. The strong Roman Catholic community, with the active support of the erstwhile Portuguese rulers, has had a number of churches built in this picturesque locale. In Panaji, one must visit the church dedicated to our Lady of Immaculate Conception, and the Chapel of St. Sebastian. No doubt that Christian Pilgrimage tours to Goa are so popular. The Goa State Museum, the Secretariat, the statue of Abbe Faria in the capital is a must see for lovers of art. The largest of the churches in Goa, the Se Cathedral is in Old Goa and is flocked by thousands of tourists every year. The holy shrine of Basilica of Bom Jesus, also in Old Goa, houses the mortal remains of St. Francis Xavier. It is a famous pilgrimage center among the Roman Catholic world. Most Christian Pilgrimage tours include visits to these churches of Goa. Other famous churches are the Convent and Church of St. Francis of Assisi, Church of St. Cajetan, Church of St. Augustine Ruins, Church and Convent of St. Monica, Church of Our Lady of Rosary, Chapel of St. Anthony and Chapel of St. Catherine-all of which are in Old Goa. Fort Aguada is worth a visit to savor the nostalgia of the Portuguese regime, especially in its lighthouse and the Aguada jail. Terekhol Fort in the Arambol beach has been now converted to a hotel. The Museum of Christian Art in Rachol Seminary and church and the Braganza House near Margao are also worth a visit. Besides these, to get a glimpse of the Hindu population in Goa, one has to visit Ponda. The Kerkar Art Complex in south Calangute is also an important tourist center. The Wednesday flea market at Anjuna is an important trading center for handicrafts from Kashmir to Gujarat.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS IN GOA: Best Tourist Place for India

Being a predominantly Roman Catholic society, most of the festivals of Goa are Christianity-specific. Feast days, thanksgiving, monsoon celebrations, processions-all mark the Goanese calendar. Shigmo, the Goanese version of Holi, is celebrated in the month of February and March. The Feast of Our Lady of Miracles, celebrated 16 days after the Easter, is secular by nature and is celebrated with pomp and show by both Hindus and Christians. Igitun Chalne, held at Sirigao temple in Bicholim during May, is one of Goa's most distinctive festivals. The main attraction of the festival comes when devotees of Goddess Lairaya walk across burning coals to prove their devotion. The Feast of St. Anthony in the month of June is also significant as it marks the beginning of monsoon. Besides such religious festivals, Goa is also known for its arts and crafts fairs, and food festivals.

WHERE TO STAY IN GOA: Best Tourist Place for India

In Goa, the accommodation rates differ according to the seasons. Goa Beach Resorts are an excellent accommodation option. From mid-December to late January, it is the high season. The middle season is from October to mid-December and February to June, and the late season from July to September. Prices may reach sky-high limits during Christmas. The range of hotels and Goa Beach Resorts is vast. One can obtain specific details from the information bulletin of Goa tourism. Goa, Honeymoon Packages too offer accommodation in the best beach resorts of Goa. We offer excellent accommodation facilities in and around Goa: Best Tourist Place for India.

HOW TO REACH :

BY AIR - Goa's international airport is Dabolim, at a distance of 29 km from Panaji, on the coast near Vasco da Gama. Most domestic airlines operate here apart from the chartered private airlines operating from UK and Germany. Getting round the place is quite easy several ferry services are also available. We would provide you all India tourist permit vehicles for the local transportations and also for the intercity drives too.

Kashmir

KASHMIR

FACTS & FIGURES :

Area: 222,236 sq km
Religion: Islam
Capital: Srinagar (Summer), Jammu (Winter)
Languages: Urdu, Kashmiri, Hindi, Dogri, Pahari, Ladakhi
Best time to visit: April to June (Kashmir Valley), October to March (Jammu Region)

INTRODUCTION :

Situated in the northern part of India, Jammu & Kashmir is the essence of everything that is Indian-its culture, history, tradition, people, and natural splendor. The state has a long history encompassing around 4,000 years and there are many prehistoric sites, which give indication of human settlement in this region in those times.

The state was integrated as a part of India in 1948, when the then ruler of Jammu & Kashmir agreed to join the Indian federation and the state was given a special status under article 370 of the Indian constitution.

LOCATION :

Situated in the North India, Jammu and Kashmir is bordered by Pakistan, China, and Afghanistan from West to East. From South to East, the boundary of the state touches Punjab and Himachal. The state extends between the latitudes 32°17¢N to 36°58'N and longitudes 37°26¢E to 80°30¢E.

The state can be divided into four major regions: the sub-mountain and semi-mountain plain known as kandi or dry belt; the Shivalik ranges, the high mountain zone constituting the Kashmir Valley; Pir Panchal range and its off-shoots including Doda, Poonch and Rajouri districts and part of Kathua and Udhampur districts; and the middle run of the Indus River comprising Leh and Kargil.

BEST TIME TO VISIT :

Although a small state, the climate of this state varies from one region to another. The climate of Jammu region is tropical while it is semi-arctic in Ladakh and temperate in Srinagar region. Accordingly, rainfall also varies from region to region and while there is almost no rainfall in Ladakh, Jammu receives a rainfall of above 1,100 mm and Srinagar around 650 mm.

HISTORY :

The history of Jammu & Kashmir is quite old. Kashmir is mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. In 250 BC, Ashoka, the great Mauryan king, established the city of Pandrethan and built many viharas and chaityas. This says much about the strategic importance that this region held even in that time. Some sources claim that Buddha also visited this region, though no proof is available to validate this theory. Kanishka, the great Kushana king, called the Third Buddhist Council at Harwan, near Srinagar, in the first century AD. This Council saw the division of Buddhism in two distinct streams called Hinayana and Mahayana.

Kalhana, the first Indian history writer, gave a vivid account of the history of Kashmir before the 10th century AD. Local kingdoms ruled extensively in this region until the 12th century AD when Muslims invaded the region. The greatest Muslim king of early medieval age in Kashmir was Zain-ul-Abidin, who ascended the throne in AD 1420 and ruled up to 1470. His long rule contributed extensively to the spread of art, culture, music, and every other sphere in the life of Kashmir people. He also created a strong army and annexed many regions nearby Kashmir. These were the time of golden rule in Kashmir when peace and harmony prevailed. After the death of King Zain-ul-Abidin, a period of destruction came calling to Kashmir and many raiders from outside looted the state and made the people and local rulers their captive.

In 1587, Akbar annexed Kashmir into his vast empire. Jahangir, son of Akbar and next Mughal ruler, visited Kashmir 13 times and created two beautiful gardens on the bank of Dal Lake, namely, the Shalimar Bagh and Nishat Bagh. After two centuries of peace and development, Kashmir came into the hands of the Pathans in 1752, when the Afghan ruler Abdul Shah Abdali attacked this region on the request of local noblemen. The Pathans established a rule of terror here, no better than that of Aurangzeb, the last important Mughal ruler.

In 1819, the Sikhs under Maharaja Ranjit Singh annexed this region, but their empire remained in place only for 27 years. From 1846 to 1957, the Dogras ruled over this region when British defeated Ranjit Singh and handed over the administration of this region to Maharaja Gulab Singh. The Dogra rule also for the first time put in reality the modern state of Jammu & Kashmir. During India's freedom struggle, people from this state participated extensively under the leadership of Sheikh Abdullah and decided to go with India in 1948 after the country became independent.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS :

Srinagar, the state capital, is the most famous tourist destination in the state. An ancient city, there are many attractions that can attract even the most unwilling of tourists to this magical land. Dal Lake, Nishat Bagh, Shalimar Bagh, and Chashme Shahi are some of the best-known tourist spot in Srinagar.

Jammu is the winter capital of the state and next in importance after Srinagar. Most of the tourists who come to the Jammu region have the Mata Vaishno Devi shrine as their destination, which is quite close by. However, the spirit of holiness permeates through the entire city, so much so that Jammu is also known as the 'City of Temples'. If Bahu Mata is the presiding deity of Jammu, the dargah of Peer Budhan Ali Shah is the other shrine that is believed to protect the local people. The other major tourist attraction is the Raghunath Temple Complex, which is the largest temple in North India devoted to Lord Rama. The construction of this temple was begun by Maharaja Gulab Singh in 1851 and completed by his son Ranbir Singh six years later.

The temple of Maha Kali (better known as Bahu or Bawey Wali Mata), located in the Bahu Fort, is considered second only to Mata Vaishno Devi in terms of mystical power. The temple was built shortly after the coronation of Maharaja Gulab Singh in 1822.

Other temples in the city include the Gauri Kund Temple, Shudh Mahadev Temple, Shiva Temple, Peer Khoh Cave Temple, Ranbireshwar Temple, and the Parmandal Temple Complex.

The most stunning site in Jammu is the Sheesh Mahal. The Pink Hall of the palace now houses the Dogra Art Museum, which has miniature paintings of the various hill schools. The museum also has the handwritten Persian manuscripts of the Shahnama and Sikandernama. The palace was once the royal residence of the Dogra kings. Built as a group of buildings around a courtyard, the palace has a commanding view of river Tawi on one side and the city on the other.

The Amar Mahal Palace Museum is a beautiful palace of red sandstone, which stands amidst the most picturesque environs of Jammu. It offers a beautiful view of the Shivaliks in the north and the river Tawi in the south. This was once the residential palace of Raja Amar Singh, but now it has been converted into a museum. The museum has a golden throne made of 120 kg of pure gold.

A treat for those interested in history is the town of Akhnoor, 32 km southwest of Jammu. Standing on the banks of the mighty river Chenab, the town tells the tragic tale of the lovers Sohni and Mahiwal. Along the riverbank are the majestic ruins of the Indus Valley Civilization that are of great historical importance.

Patnitop, near the Vaishno Devi Temple, is fast becoming a busy hill station and a good place to enjoy the nature in its eternity.

Ladakh is home to the minority Buddhist community in the state. They have preserved their unique culture for the past hundreds of years. Leh is the headquarters of this region. The major points of attraction are the Leh Palace, Namgyal Tsemo Gompa, Sankar Gompa, Shanti Stupa, and Soma Gompa.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS :

The Hemis Festival is held in the month of July when tourists in large numbers converge here from all over the world to watch the famous masked dances. The music is characteristically punctuated with sounds of cymbals, drums and long, unwieldy trumpets. The masked dancers move around slowly, very slowly, and the most vital part of the dance is the masks and not so much the actual movements of the dance. The dances end with Good vanquishing Evil and the evil one is brought into the protective fold of Buddhism.

Like the Hemis festival, monasteries like Lamayuru, Thiksey, Spitook, Likir and many others also have their individual festivals. Since they follow the lunar calendar, the actual dates of the festivals vary from one year to another. Other than these religious celebrations, Ladakh has also been host to a 15-day festival each year to bring forward the many nuances of this rich and exotic culture that is peculiar to this high part of the world. The Jammu and Kashmir tourism department organizes the Ladakh Festival in the month of September bringing forward the region's folk dances, art and craft, sporting events and rituals.

HOW TO REACH:

BY AIR - The state has three major civil airports at Srinagar, Jammu, and Ladakh connected to Delhi and other places in the country. Indian Airlines and its subsidiary Alliance Air operate in the Delhi-Chandigarh-Ladakh and Delhi-Jammu-Srinagar routes.

BY RAIL - Jammu Tawi is the main railhead of Jammu & Kashmir. It is connected to most of the important towns and cities of the country. Moreover, the longest rail route that stretches from Jammu Tawi to Kanyakumari and touches almost all the main cities and towns of the country originates from here.

BY ROAD - One can easily reach Jammu by the National Highway 1A that goes from Punjab and runs through this city, connecting it to the rest of the state, including the capital Srinagar. The state transport corporation runs several buses to most of the big towns and cities in north India.

Ladakh is connected to Srinagar and Manali by some of the most difficult road networks in the world. The Manali-Leh road is considered as the highest motorable road in the world.

Jammu

JAMMU

FACTS & FIGURES :

Area: 20.36 sq km
Language: Dogri, Hindi, English, Urdu, Kashmiri, Punjabi
Best time to visit: Round the Year
STD Code: 0191

LOCATION :

Jammu is the second largest city of the northern Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and is also its winter capital. Divided into two separate cities, the old town of Jammu is located on a hilltop overlooking the river Tawi while the new town is situated across the river, several kilometers away.

BEST TIME TO VISIT :

Being near the Himalayas, the climate of the entire area is cold though summers are markedly warm. The temperatures range from 26.2°C to 4.3° C in winters and from 43.0°C to 23.4°C during summers. The recommended clothing for winters would be heavy/medium woolens while light cottons would be the best for summers in Jammu. Summers in Jammu are a sweltering, uncomfortable contrast to the cool climes of Kashmir. However, from October onwards, it becomes quite pleasant.

HISTORY :

The city of Jammu is named after Jambu Lochan, the brother of Bahu, a powerful local chieftain who ruled during the ninth century. It is said that on becoming king, Jambu Lochan went on a hunt and, crossing the Tawi, found a deer and a tiger drinking water from the same tank. His ministers explained that this meant that the soil of the place was so virtuous that no living creature bore enmity against another. Raja Jambu Lochan, decided to build his capital, Jambupura, on this soil, on the right bank of the Tawi overlooking his brother king Bahu's fort. Jambupura later came to be known as Jammu. Through the middle ages, Jammu prospered. Changes of rule at Delhi or Lahore passed over without disturbing the affluence of the town. The fertile cultivable land around the town constantly generated wealth and unlike many medieval towns, Jammu was never depopulated. The town was also a major stopover for caravans on the trade routes to Kashmir, Asia Minor and beyond and was a base for the fabled Silk Route.
The state of Jammu & Kashmir, which was earlier under the rule of Hindus and Muslims, came under the rule of Mughals under emperor Akbar. After the period of Afghan rule from 1756, it was annexed to the Sikh kingdom of the Punjab in 1819. In 1846, Ranjit Singh made over the territory of Jammu to Maharaja Gulab Singh and Jammu and Kashmir came into being as a single political and geographical entity following the Treaty of Amritsar between the British Government and Gulab Singh signed on March 16, 1846. Since then, the state remained under the Dogra rule till the time India gained independence. At the time of independence, like all the state, Jammu and Kashmir was also given the option of either joining India or Pakistan. However, the then ruler, Maharaja Hari Singh decided not to exercise the option immediately but had to sign the instrument of accession when Pakistan attacked the territory later the same year.

TOURISTS ATTRACTIONS :

Most of the tourists who come to the Jammu region have the Mata Vaishno Devi shrine as their destination, which is quite close by. However, the spirit of holiness permeates through the entire city, so much so that Jammu is also known as the 'City of Temples'. If Bahu Mata is the presiding deity of Jammu, the dargah of Peer Budhan Ali Shah is the other shrine that s believed to protect Jammuites. The other major tourist attraction is the Ragunath Temple Complex, which is the largest temple in North India devoted to Lord Ram. The construction of this temple was begun by Maharaja Gulab Singh in 1851 and completed by his son Ranbir Singh six years later.

The temple of Maha Kali (better known as Bahu or Bawey Wali Mata), located in the Bahu fort, is considered second only to Mata Vaishno Devi in terms of mystical power. The present temple was built shortly after the coronation of Maharaja Gulab Singh, in 1822. The existing fort, as well as the Manasabdar's palace inside it, were constructed in 1820 and are major tourist attractions of the city.

Other temples in the city include the Gauri Kund temple, Shudh Mahadev temple, Shiva temple, Peer Khoh Cave temple, Ranbireshwar temple and the Parmandal temple complex.

The most stunning site in Jammu is the Sheesh Mahal. The Pink Hall of the palace now houses the Dogra Art Museum, which has miniature paintings of the various hill schools. The museum also has the hand written Persian manuscripts of the Shahnama and Sikandernama. The palace was once the royal residence of the Dogra kings. Built as a group of buildings around a courtyard, the palace has a commanding view of river Tawi on one side and the city on the other.

The Amar Mahal Palace Museum is a beautiful palace of red sandstone, which stands amidst the most picturesque environs of Jammu. There is beautiful view of the Shivaliks in the north and river Tawi flows to the south adding to the grandeur. This was once the residential palace of Raja Amar Singh but now has been converted into a museum and is looked after by Hari-Tara Charitable trust. The museum has a golden throne made of 120 kg of pure gold.

A treat for those interested in history is the town of Akhnoor, 32 km southwest of Jammu. Standing on the banks of the mighty river Chenab, the town tells the tragic tale of the lovers Sohni and Mahiwal. Also along the riverbank are the majestic ruins of the Indus-Valley Civilization that are of great historical importance and command a beautiful view of the area around.

The Jujjar Kotli Tourist Complex, built on the banks of Jujjar rivulet, is at a distance of 35 km from Jammu. The crystal clear, cool water of Jujjar attracts picnickers in large numbers during the summer. A tourist cafeteria, a bar and a small tourist bungalow are the facilities provided here by the Jammu and Kashmir Tourism Development Corporation (JKTDC).

PLACES AROUND JAMMU :

The Mansar Lake, situated 60 km away from Jammu is a beautiful lake fringed by forest-covered hills. Boating facilities are available here. Another attraction here is the Surinsar Mansar Wildlife, named after the two lakes on each corner of it. The sanctuary is spread over an area of 98 sq km and is home to species like the goral, wild boar, barking deer, leopard and a multitude of birds like, black partridge, red jungle fowl, peafowl, gray partridge, green pigeon, blue rock pigeon, Rufus turtle dove etc. Besides these, the forest area also houses some rare species of trees and orchids.

The small town Katra is 50 km away from Jammu and serves as the base camp for those visiting the holy shrine of Mata Vaishnodevi in the Trikuta Hills. The shrine can be reached on foot after traversing a 12 km long well laid footpath. Every year, nearly four million pilgrims pass through Katra on their way to the shrine. Accommodation in all the ranges is available for the pilgrims.

Kud is at a distance of 106 km from Jammu. This popular resort is situated on the Jammu-Srinagar highway, at an altitude of 1,738 meters. An ideal picnic spot, this place has a beautiful climate. Heavy woolens are required in winters while light/medium clothing is required in summers here. It is a very well developed hill station in the Udhampur district.

Patnitop is 112 km from Jammu. This famous hill resort is perched on a beautiful plateau, at an altitude of 2,024 meters across which the Jammu-Srinagar Highway passes. Enveloped by thickly wooded forests, Patnitop offers beautiful picnic spots, peaceful walks and breathtaking views of the mountains and the Chenab basin. In winter, the resort is generally covered with a thick blanket of snow thus providing opportunities for various adventure sports like skiing.

Sanasar is cup shaped meadow surrounded by gigantic conifers, situated at a distance of 119 km from Jammu. The right place for a quite holiday, the meadow has now been developed as a golf course. It also provides facilities for paragliding.

Batote, 125 km from Jammu, is situated at an altitude of 1,560 metres on the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway and is a popular health resort. Due to the panoramic view of the scenic areas around and the facilities provided for the tourists, this place is a favorite with travelers.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS :

There is no city specific festival of Jammu as such. Normally, all the Hindu and other religious festivals are celebrated here with gaiety. However, what makes any celebration in Jammu different is the traditional dance and music of the Dogra Pahari region of Jammu. These songs and dances are performed on the occasion of feasts, festivals and marriages by the rural folk of this region. Men and women clad in their traditional costumes, participate in this musical revelry. Besides, every year during Baisakhi in the month of April, a food and craft festival is organized near the Mansar Lake by the JKTDC.

WHERE TO STAY :

There are a number of hotels and lodges available for tourists. The price range is such that all kinds of travelers can kind the right accommodation that also suits their pockets. We offer excellent accommodation facilities in and around Jammu.

HOW TO REACH :

BY AIR - Jammu is well connected with the rest of the country by all the major means of transport. The city is accessible by air and the city has an airport. A number of flights are available to and from several of the major cities in the country.

BY RAIL - Jammu Tawi is the main railhead that has a number of trains for most of the important towns and cities of the country. Moreover, the longest rail route that stretches from Jammu Tawi to Kanyakumari and touches almost all the main cities and towns of the country, originates from here.

BY ROAD - One can easily reach Jammu by the National Highway 1A that goes from Punjab and runs through this city, connecting it to the rest of the state including the capital Srinagar. We would provide you all India tourist permit vehicles for the local transportations and also for the intercity drives too.

Amarnath

AMARNATH

FACTS & FIGURES :

Altitude: 3888 m
Language: Hindi, Urdu, & English
Best time to visit: July-August
Dates: 21st June 2005 to 19th August 2005

LOCATION :

The holy shrine of Amarnath is situated 145 km from Srinagar, the capital of the North Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. Located at an altitude of 3888 m above sea level, the Amarnath Cave is considered holy by Hindus. Every year a giant stalagmite or pillar of ice in the shape of a phallus, forms within this cave. This ice pillar is worshipped as a lingam - a symbol of Shiva - and thousands of pilgrims travel across the mountains to pray at the holy Amarnath cave shrine, in July and August every year.

BEST TIME TO VISIT :

As the cave of Amarnath is in the upper reaches of the Himalayas, the temperature remains cool throughout the year. From September to June, the glacial valley is covered by snow. The difficult weather condition makes it accessible only during the monsoon, i.e., from July to August.

LEGEND :

In Hinduism the three most important Gods are Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Preserver and Shiva the Destroyer. Shiva is mentioned in the Rig Veda - one of the earliest religious books of India and continues to be worshipped to the present day. Shiva is depicted as an ascetic clad in a deerskin. He carries a trident and is accompanied by his consort, the female deity Parvati, and his son, the elephant- headed God Ganesha.According to legend, Shiva was asked by Parvati to tell her the secret of immortality. He resisted for a long while, however her repeated insistence led to his agreeing to reveal the secret to her. They traveled to an isolated location in the Himalayas, where no one could overhear the secret. On the way Shiva left Nandi the Bull, at Pahalgam (Bail gaon). He released the moon from his hair at Chandanwari. At Sheshnag peak, he released his snakes and Ganesh was left behind at Mahagunas Hill (Mahaganesh Hill). At Panchtarni, Shiva left behind the five elements (Earth, Water, Air, Fire and Sky) and accompanied by Parvati entered the cave. Here he meditated seated on his deer skin. To ensure that no living creature heard the secret he created a fire to destroy all life around him and then began to disclose the secret of immortality to Parvati. However a pigeon's egg hidden beneath Shiva's deerskin remined unharmed by the fire. A pair of pigeons, who overheard the secret of immortality, were born from this egg and even today pilgrims who visit the holy cave can see a pair of pigeons nesting here. Since the secret of immortality (Amar Katha) was revealed within this cave, it came to be known as Amarnath.

AMARNATH CAVE :

The Amarnath cave is about 45 m (150 feet) high, 27 m (90 feet) long and faces south. Inside the cave, there are four to five ice formations resembling figures of various gods. According to the tradition, the largest one is worshipped as Amarnath or Shiva, one on the left side of the lingam is an ice formation worshipped as Ganesha, and on the right is an ice formation worshipped as Parvati. Inside the Amarnath cave is another small cave to the left of the image, from which a chalk-like substance is given out to pilgrims as Vibhuti or holy ash.

AMARNATH YATRA ROUTE :

Around 150,000 pilgrims undertake the Amarnath Yatra every year. A priest carrying the Chari Mubarak or holy scepter of Shiva, leads the yatris up to the cave. There are 2 routes to the holy Amarnath Cave. The routes are as follows:

Route 1: Srinagar - Pahalgam - Chandanwari - Pissu Top - Sheshnag - Panchtarni - Amarnath

Route 2: Srinagar - Sonamarg - Baltal - Domail - Barari - Amarnath

WHERE TO STAY :

Pilgrims who travel to the Holy Amarnath cave shrine can stay overnight at tented camps along the routes. Panchtarni, which is the last stop before the holy cave, is where pilgrims can stay at night and visit the Amarnath Cave during the day, before beginning their return journey.

HOW TO REACH :

Amarnath is not directly linked by road or rail. The nearest airport is at Srinagar (145 km), which is connected to Delhi and other Indian cities. Jammu (300 km) is the common starting point for the Amarnath Yatra and is connected by road, rail and air to all major Indian cities. Reaching Amarnath is not an easy trek due to the difficult weather conditions and the steep climb up along the Himalayas. Porters, Ponies and Dandies (Chairs carried by porters) are available along the route.

CLIMATE :

The climate along the route to the Amarnath Cave is very cold. Though days may be sunny, rain or snowfall may occur at any time. The night temperature can drop to -5 Degrees Celcius.

PRECAUTIONS :

Every traveler has to be registered with the government before starting the Amarnath Yatra

Only physically fit pilgrims should attempt the Amarnath Yatra.

Acclimatize yourself for a day at the base camp before beginning the trek. The altitude can cause breathing problems while traveling.

All pilgrims should carry adequate warm clothing.

Pilgrims should carry nourishing food such as dry fruits, chocolates etc., to consume on the trip

Comfortable walking shoes, a walking stick, torch, raincoat, windcheater and medical kit are essential supplies on the Amarnath Yatra

Carry enough money to pay for any additional needs.

Pay heed to warning signs about falling rocks or avalanches. Only travel with an experienced guide, and with a group of pilgrims.

REGISTRATION :

All yatris must be registered with the Jammu and Kashmir Government and are issued a registration-cum-identity slip, which they should carry with them at all times.